Ufakelo lwevalvu taboo

Iivalvesesona sixhobo sixhaphakileyo kumashishini ekhemikhali.Kubonakala kulula ukufaka i-valve, kodwa ukuba ayiqhutywa ngokuhambelana nobuchwepheshe obufanelekileyo, iya kubangela izingozi zokhuseleko.Namhlanje ndingathanda ukwabelana ngamava kunye nolwazi malungaukufakwa kwevalvu.

Taboo 1

Uvavanyo lwe-Hydrostatic lwenziwa phantsi kobushushu obungalunganga ngexesha lokwakhiwa kwasebusika.

Isiphumo: ngenxa ityhubhu yovavanyo loxinzelelo lwamanzi ngokukhawuleza umkhenkce, ukuze ityhubhu emkhenkceni embi.

Amanyathelo: zama ukwenza uvavanyo loxinzelelo lwamanzi phambi kokusetyenziswa kwasebusika, kwaye emva kovavanyo loxinzelelo, amanzi kufuneka avuthelwe acoceke, ngakumbi amanziivalvekufuneka isuswe kumnatha, kungenjaloivalveziya kugqwala, okanye zibe ngumkhenkce ukuqhekeka.

Uvavanyo loxinzelelo lwamanzi kufuneka lwenziwe ebusika, kwaye amanzi kufuneka avuthelwe acoceke emva kovavanyo loxinzelelo.

Taboo 2

Inkqubo yemibhobho ayizange igungxulwe ngononophelo phambi kokuba igqitywe, kwaye isantya sokuhamba kunye nesantya asikwazanga ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zokugungxulwa kwemibhobho.Nokuba amandla oxinzelelo lwamanzi avavanya umsele endaweni yokugungxulwa.

Isiphumo: umgangatho wamanzi awukwazi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zokusebenza kwenkqubo yemibhobho, kaninzi iya kubangela ukucuthwa kwecandelo lemibhobho okanye ukuvaleka.

Amanyathelo: Hlamba ngowona mgangatho uphezulu wokuqukuqela kwejusi kwisistim okanye umyinge wokuhamba kufuneka ungabi ngaphantsi kwe-3m/s.Umbala kunye nokungafihli kokuphuma kokukhutshwa kufuneka kuhambelane naloo manzi angenayo ngokubonakalayo.

Taboo 3

Ugutyulo lwamanzi amdaka, amanzi emvula, imibhobho yecondensate ayenzi uvavanyo lwamanzi oluvaliweyo luya kufihlwa.

Iziphumo: Inokubangela ukuvuza kwamanzi kunye nelahleko yabasebenzisi.

Amanyathelo: umsebenzi wokuvavanya amanzi avaliweyo kufuneka uhambelane ngokungqongqo nokwamkelwa kokuhlolwa okusemgangathweni.Ugqunywe ngaphantsi komhlaba, isilingi exhonyiweyo, umbhobho kunye nolunye ugutyulo olufihlakeleyo, amanzi emvula, umbhobho wamanzi ojingisiweyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba akukho kuvuza.

Taboo 4

Kuvavanyo lwamandla oxinzelelo lwamanzi kunye novavanyo lokuqina kwenkqubo yepayipi, kuphela utshintsho lwexabiso loxinzelelo kunye nenqanaba lamanzi libonwa, kwaye ukuhlolwa kokuvuza akwanele.

Isiphumo: Ukuvuza kwenzeka emva kokusebenza kwenkqubo yombhobho, echaphazela ukusetyenziswa okuqhelekileyo.

Imilinganiselo: xa inkqubo yepayipi ivavanywa ngokweemfuno zokuyila kunye neenkcukacha zokwakha, ngaphezu kokurekhoda ixabiso loxinzelelo okanye ukuguqulwa komgangatho wamanzi ngexesha elichaziweyo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukujonga ngokucophelela ukuba kukho ukuvuza.

 

Taboo 5

Ivalve yebhabhathaneiiflange ezinesiqheloivalveiiflange.

Iziphumo:ivelufa butterflyflange kwaye eqhelekileyoivalveubungakanani flange ayifani, ezinye ububanzi flange incinci, kunyeivelufa butterflyi-disc inkulu, ibangela ukuba ingavuleki okanye ibe nzima ukuvula umonakalo wevalve.

Imilinganiselo: ngokobukhulu bokwenene beivelufa butterflyi-flange yokucubungula i-flange.

Taboo 6

Akukho zimbobo ezigciniweyo kunye neengxenye ezifakwe ekwakhiweni kwesakhiwo sokwakha, okanye ubungakanani beemingxuma ezigciniweyo zincinci kwaye iindawo ezidibeneyo aziphawulwanga.

Umphumo: ekwakhiweni kweprojekthi yokufudumala kunye nococeko, i-chisel isakhiwo sesakhiwo, okanye unqumle intsimbi eqinisiweyo, echaphazela ukusebenza kokhuseleko lwesakhiwo.

Amanyathelo: uqhelene ngononophelo kunye nemizobo yokwakha yobunjineli bokufudumeza kunye nococeko, ngokweemfuno zemibhobho kunye nenkxaso yofakelo lwe-hanger, thatha inyathelo lokuqala ukusebenzisana nolwakhiwo lwemingxuma egciniweyo kunye neenxalenye ezifakwe kwisakhiwo sesakhiwo, ngokubhekisele ngqo iimfuno zoyilo kunye neenkcukacha zokwakha.

Taboo 7

Xa umbhobho udityanisiwe, umlomo ongalunganga wombhobho ochaseneyo awukho kuMda ophakathi, umbhobho ochaseneyo awushiyi izithuba, umbhobho ongqindilili wodonga awuwuhlambi umsele, kwaye ububanzi kunye nokuphakama kwe-weld akuhlangabezani neemfuno. yekhowudi yokwakha.

Isiphumo: umbhobho ongalunganga umlomo awukho kumgca ophakathi kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo umgangatho we-welding kunye nomgangatho wokuqonda.Akukho msantsa phakathi kwesibini, umbhobho ongqindilili wodonga awuwuhlambi umjelo, ububanzi kunye nobude be-weld abuhambelani neemfuno zokuqina kwamandla.

Imilinganiselo: emva kokudibanisa umbhobho we-welding, umbhobho awukwazi ukuba ngumlomo ongalunganga, ukuya kumgca ophakathi;Umlingane kufuneka ashiye isithuba;Umbhobho oshinyeneyo wodonga ukuya kwigroove yomhlakulo.Ukongeza, ububanzi kunye nobude be-weld buya kuthungwa ngokuhambelana neemfuno zokucaciswa.

Taboo 8

Umbhobho ungcwatywa ngokuthe ngqo kumhlaba onomkhenkce kunye nomhlaba ongalungiswanga, umgama kunye nesikhundla semibhobho yombhobho awufanelekanga, kwaye nokuba uhlobo lwezitena zekhowudi ezomileyo zamkelwa.

Isiphumo: Umbhobho wonakaliswe kwinkqubo yokuxinwa kokuzaliswa ngasemva ngenxa yenkxaso engazinzanga, okubangele kusetyenzwa ngokutsha nokulungiswa.

Imilinganiselo: umbhobho awuyi kungcwatywa kumhlaba onomkhenkce kunye nomhlaba ongacocwanga, isithuba sepier kufuneka sihlangabezane neemfuno zekhowudi yokwakha, i-pad kufuneka iqine, ngakumbi ujongano lwemibhobho, akufanele ithwale i-chear force.I-pier yenkxaso yezitena ukusebenzisa i-masonry yodaka lwesamente, qinisekisa ukunyaniseka, ukuqina.

Taboo 9

Iibholiti zokwandisa ezisetyenziselwa ukulungisa izixhaso zemibhobho zikumgangatho ophantsi, imingxuma yeebholithi zokwandisa inkulu kakhulu, okanye iibholiti zokwandisa zifakwe kwiindonga zezitena okanye kwiindonga ezikhaphukhaphu.

Isiphumo: isibiyeli sombhobho siyakhulula, umbhobho ukhubazeke, nokuba uyawa.

Amanyathelo: Ibholithi yokwandisa kufuneka ikhethwe iimveliso ezifanelekileyo, kwaye uvavanyo lwesampulu kufuneka lwenziwe ukuba kuyimfuneko.I-aperture ye-bolt yokwandisa akufanele ibe mkhulu kunobubanzi bangaphandle be-bolt yokwandisa i-2mm, kunye ne-bolt yokwandisa kufuneka isetyenziswe kwisakhiwo sekhonkrithi.

Taboo 10

I-Flange kunye namandla e-gasket yoxhumo lombhobho akwanelanga, i-bolt yokudibanisa imfutshane okanye incinci ububanzi.Umbhobho wobushushu usebenzisa ipad yerabha, umbhobho wamanzi abandayo usebenzisa i-double pad okanye i-clined pad, i-flange liner ephumela kumbhobho.

Iziphumo: i-flange joint ayiqinanga, nokuba umonakalo, ukuvuza.I-flange liner iphumela kumbhobho kwaye yandisa ukuchasana nokuhamba.

Imilinganiselo: iiflange kunye neegaskets zemibhobho kufuneka zihlangabezane neemfuno zoyilo loxinzelelo olusebenzayo lwemibhobho.Kwimibhobho ye-flange yokufudumeza kunye nemibhobho yokubonelela ngamanzi ashushu, i-rubber asbestos gaskets kufuneka isetyenziswe;Iigaskets zerabha kufuneka zisetyenziswe kwi-flange gaskets yonikezelo lwamanzi kunye nemibhobho yokuhambisa amanzi.I-Flange gasket ayifanele iphumele kumbhobho, isangqa sayo sangaphandle kwi-flange bolt hole ifanelekile.Akukho pad yebevel okanye iigaskets ezininzi ziya kubekwa embindini weflange.Ububanzi bebholiti edibanisa i-flange kufuneka ibe ngaphantsi kwe-2mm kune-flange aperture, kwaye ubude bentonga ye-bolt ekhusela i-nut kufuneka ibe yi-1/2 yobunzima be-nut.