Thetha “ngokubaleka nokuvuza” kweevalvu

Enye, iivalveukuvuza, amanyathelo okuthintela ukuvuza komphunga.

1. Zonke iivalve mazifakwe kuvavanyo lwehydraulic lwamabakala ahlukeneyo emva kokungena efektri.

2. Kuyimfuneko ukuqhaqha kunye nokulungisa i-valve kufuneka ibe phantsi.

3. Ngethuba lokulungiswa ngokugqithiseleyo, khangela ukuba i-coiling yongezwa kwaye i-coiling gland iqinisiwe.

Ivalve ye-4 phambi kofakelo kufuneka ijonge ukuba kukho uthuli, isanti, i-iron oxide kunye nolunye udoti ngaphakathi kwevalve.Ukuba ezi sundries zingentla kufuneka zicocwe phambi kofakelo.

5. Zonke iivalve mazifakwe iigaskets zebakala elingqinelanayo phambi kokufakwa.

6. Qinisa i-fasteners xa ufaka iingcango ze-flange, kwaye uqinise iibhotshi ze-flange kwi-symmetrical direction.

7. Kwinkqubo yokufakela i-valve, zonke ii-valve kufuneka zifakwe ngokuchanekileyo ngokwenkqubo kunye noxinzelelo, kwaye ukufakwa okungahleliwe kunye nokuxutywayo kunqatshelwe ngokungqongqo.Ngenxa yale njongo, zonke iivalve kufuneka zifakwe iinombolo kwaye zirekhodwe ngokwenkqubo ngaphambi kokufakwa.

Eyesibini, kuthintelo lwamanyathelo okuvuza kwamalahle.

1. Zonke iiflange kufuneka zifakwe kunye nezinto zokutywina.

2. Iindawo ezithanda ukuvuza ngumgubo kukungenisa nokuthumela ngaphandle iivalvu zamalahle zemizila yamalahle, izixhobo zokusila amalahle, iiflange zabavelisi, kunye nawo onke amalungu adityaniswe neeflange.Ke ngoko, siya kwenza uhlolo olubanzi kwiindawo zazo zonke izixhobo zabenzi ezinokuvuza umgubo.Ukuba akukho nto yokutywina, siya kuqhuba ukufakwa kwakhona kwesibini kwaye siqinise i-fasteners.

3. Isiganeko sokuvuza kwepowder singenzeka kwi-welding joint of pulverized coal pipe, siya kuthatha la manyathelo alandelayo.

3.1 Ngaphambi kokudibanisa i-welding, indawo yokudibanisa i-welding kufuneka icocwe ngononophelo kwi-metallic luster kwaye iphuculwe kwi-welding groove efunekayo.

3.2 Umsantsa wokumatanisa mawugcinwe phambi komdlalo, kwaye kuthintelwe ngokungqongqo ukunyanzela ukutshatisa.

3.3 Izinto zokuwelda mazisetyenziswe ngokuchanekileyo, kwaye mazifuduswe kwangaphambili njengoko kufuneka kwimozulu ebandayo.

Ezintathu, ukuvuza kwenkqubo yeoli, ukusebenza kweoli kunye namanye amanyathelo okuthintela.

1. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukwenza kakuhle ukuvuza kunye nokusebenza kweoli yenkqubo yeoli.

2. Jonga kwaye ucoce inkqubo ngetanki yokugcina i-oyile ngononophelo ngaphambi kokufakwa.

3. Uvavanyo lwe-hydraulic kufuneka lwenziwe kwisixhobo esinee-oyile zokupholisa.

4. Uvavanyo lwe-hydraulic kunye nomsebenzi wokuchola kufuneka kwakhona wenziwe kwisixokelelwano semibhobho yeoli.

5. Kwinkqubo yofakelo lombhobho we-oyile, onke amalungu eflange okanye amaqhina aphilayo anentambo yesilika kufuneka afakelwe iphedi yerabha enganyangekiyo kwioli okanye ipadi yeasbestos enganyangekiyo kwioli.

6. Indawo yokuvuza yenkqubo yeoli igxininiswe kakhulu kwi-flange kunye ne-threaded live joint, ngoko ke iibholiti kufuneka ziqiniswe ngokulinganayo xa ufaka i-flange.Thintela ukuvuza okanye ukuqina okuxekethileyo.

7. Kwinkqubo yokucoca ioli, abasebenzi bokwakha kufuneka bahlale benamathele kwizithuba zabo, kwaye banqatshelwe ngokungqongqo ukukhupha okanye ukuwela izithuba.

8. Isihluzo se-oyile kufuneka simiswe phambi kokutshintshwa kwephepha lokucoca i-oyile.

9. Xa ufaka umbhobho wokudibanisa i-oyile yesikhashana (i-hose yeplastiki ebonakalayo ephezulu yamandla), umdibaniso kufuneka ubotshwe ngokuqinileyo kunye nocingo olukhokelela ekukhuseleni i-phenomenon ye-oil ebalekayo emva kokuba i-oyile isebenze ixesha elide.

10. Ukusasaza abasebenzi bokwakha abanoxanduva lokukhathalela umsebenzi wesihluzo se-oyile.

11. Ngaphambi kokuba inkqubo yeoli encedisayo iqalise umjikelo we-oyile, isebe lobunjineli liququzelela abasebenzi abajongene nomjikelo we-oyile oncedisayo ukuba benze inkcazelo yobugcisa eneenkcukacha.

Iv.Thintela amaqamza, amaqamza, ukuvuza nokuvuza kudityaniswe nezixhobo kunye nokufakwa kwemibhobho.Kukho la manyathelo alandelayo okuthintela:

1. Iigaskets zokujija zentsimbi zisetyenziselwa iigaskets zeflange ngaphezulu kwe-2.5mpa.

2, 1.0Mpa-2.5mpa flange gaskets, gaskets asbestos, kwaye ziqatywe ngomgubo black lead.

3, ngaphantsi kwe-1.0mpa yombhobho wamanzi weflange iphedi yokutywina kunye nephedi yerabha, kwaye uqatywe ngomgubo omnyama welothe.

I-4, i-coil yempompo yamanzi yenziwe nge-PTFE fiber composite coil.

5. Kwinxalenye yokutywina yomsi kunye nemibhobho yamalahle yomoya, intambo ye-asbestos ijijekile kwaye yongezwa kwindawo edibeneyo ngexesha.Akuvunyelwe ngokungqongqo ukuqinisa izikhonkwane emva kokujoyina okunamandla.

Isihlanu, ukuphelisa ukuvuza kwevalve kunala manyathelo alandelayoUkuvuza kwevalve kufuneka senze la manyathelo alandelayo)

1. Ulwazi olusemgangathweni olulungileyo kufuneka lumiselwe ukufakela kunye nokwakhiwa kwemibhobho, kwaye iphepha le-oxide kunye nodonga lwangaphakathi lombhobho kufuneka zicocwe ngenyameko, zingashiyi iinxalenye kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba udonga lwangaphakathi lombhobho lucocekile.

2. Okokuqala, qinisekisa ukuba i-100% yeevalvu ezingena kwindawo kufuneka ibe yi-hydrostatic test.

3. Ukugaya i-valve kufuneka kuqhutywe ngokungqongqo.Zonke iivalve (ngaphandle kwee-valve ezithunyelwa ngaphandle) kufuneka zithunyelwe kwiqela lokugaya ukuze kuhlolwe ukuchithwa, ukugaya kunye nokugcinwa, kunye nokuzaliseka koxanduva, ukurekhoda ngononophelo kunye nokuchonga, kulula ukulandelela umva.Iivalve ezibalulekileyo kufuneka zidwelise iinkcukacha zokwamkelwa okwesibini, ukuze kuhlangatyezwane neemfuno “zesitampu, ukujonga nokurekhoda”.

4. Ibhoyila umnyango wokuqala wokungena kwamanzi kunye nomnyango wokukhupha kufuneka unqunywe kwangaphambili.Kuphela ezi zivalo zivunyelwe ukuba zivule ngexesha lovavanyo lwe-hydrostatic, kwaye ezinye iivalve azivumelekanga ukuba zivule ngokuthanda, ukwenzela ukukhusela i-valve core.

5. Xa umbhobho ugungxulwa, yilayite kwaye uyivale ngobunono ukuthintela umonakalo kwispool.

Ukuba iyavuza, siyintoni isizathu?

(1) uqhagamshelwano phakathi kweendawo zokuvula nokuvala kunye nomphezulu wokutywina wesihlalo sevalvu;

(2) ukupakisha kunye nesiqu kunye nokupakisha ibhokisi ehambelanayo;

(3) uqhagamshelo phakathi komzimba wevalvu kunye nesigqubuthelo sevalvu

Enye yokuvuza yangaphambili kuthiwa ukuvuza kwangaphakathi, ngokuqhelekileyo kuthiwa i-lax, iya kuchaphazela ukukwazi kwevalve ukunqumla i-medium.Oku kuvuza kubini kokugqibela kubizwa ngokuba kukuvuza kwangaphandle, oko kukuthi, ukuvuza kwemidiya ukusuka kwivalve ukuya kwivalve ngaphandle.Ukuvuza kuya kubangela ilahleko yezinto eziphathekayo, ukungcoliseka kwendalo, okunzulu kuya kubangela iingozi.

Ukuwa kwindawo yokwenyani, uhlalutyo lokuvuza kwangaphakathi, ukuvuza kwangaphakathi ngokubanzi:

Iivalvu zinomgangatho ovuzayo wangaphakathi ovumelekileyo ngokomgangatho wazo, uxinzelelo lwenkqubo yokwahlukana, kunye nemidiya yenkqubo.Ngengqiqo engqongqo, ivalve yokwenyani engu-'0′ ayikho.Ngokubanzi, iivalvu zeglowubhu ezinobubanzi obuncinci kulula ukufikelela ukuvuza okungabonakaliyo (kungekhona ukuvuza kwe-zero), ngelixa iivalvu zesango elikhulu lobubanzi kunzima ukufezekisa ukuvuza okungabonakaliyo.Kwimeko yokuvuza kwangaphakathi kwevalve, okokuqala, kufuneka sizame ukuqonda ukuvuza okuthe ngqo kwangaphakathi, kubhekiselele kwimigangatho yokuvuza kwevalve, ukuvuza kwangaphakathi kwenzeka xa indawo yokusebenza kwenkqubo kunye nezinye izinto zohlalutyo olupheleleyo, ukuze ngokuchanekileyo gweba ukuvuza kwangaphakathi kwevalve.

(1) Ingxaki yokuvuza yangaphakathi yevalve yesango elinxuseneyo.

Umgaqo osebenzayo wevalve yesango elinxuseneyo kukuxhomekeka kuxinzelelo olwahlukileyo lwenkqubo ukuya kwicala lokuphuma le-spool kunye nesihlalo sokutywinwa koxinzelelo lomphezulu, kwimeko yoxinzelelo lwenkqubo ephantsi kakhulu, kunokubakho into encinci yokuvuza yangaphakathi emva kwevalve. .Xa kwenzeka ukuvuza kwangaphakathi, kucetyiswa ukuba uqhubeke nokuqwalasela kwaye ukhangele ukutywinwa kwevalve xa uxinzelelo lwe-inlet lwenkqubo lufikelela kuxinzelelo loyilo okanye uxinzelelo oluqhelekileyo lokusebenza.Ukuba kukho ukuvuza okugqithisileyo, kufuneka ichithwe kwaye igubungele umphezulu wokutywina wevalve.

(2) ukuvuza kwangaphakathi kwevalve ye-wedge.

Ngamanye amaxesha kungenxa yendlela yokulawula ivalve eyahlukileyo, kuba umenzi xa ukhetha ukuyila, isiqu esihambelanayo kunye ne-stem nut ngamandla oyilo akazange acinge ngemowudi yokulawula i-torque, kwaye usebenzisa imo yokulawula i-stroke, ukuba kunyanzeleke ukuba uhambe. imowudi yokulawula indawo evaliweyo yokulawula i-torque, inokubangela umonakalo kwi-valve stem nut, njl. Ngelo xesha, ikhokelela ekungaphumeleli kwentloko yombane xa ivuliwe kunye ne-alarm ye-torque yokuvula.Kwimeko yokuvuza kwangaphakathi kwale valve, ngokuqhelekileyo ivalwe ngesandla emva kokuvalwa kombane, kwaye ivalwe.Ukuba kusekho ukuvuza kwangaphakathi emva kokuvalwa kwencwadana, kubonisa ukuba indawo yokutywinwa kwe-valve inenkinga, kwaye ke kufuneka ihlanjululwe kunye nomhlaba.

(3) ukuvuza kwangaphakathi kwevalve yokukhangela.

Ukutywinwa kokutywinwa kwevalve kuxhomekeke kumahluko woxinzelelo lwenkqubo, xa uxinzelelo lwe-inlet yevalve yokukhangela luphantsi kakhulu, uxinzelelo lokuphuma luya kuba nokunyuka okuncinci, emva koko kufuneka kuhlalutywe ngezinto ezahlukeneyo, misela ukuvuza kwangaphakathi. , ngokubhekiselele kuhlalutyo lwesakhiwo sokugqiba ukuba ngaba uthatha umsebenzi wokulungisa umzimba.

(4) Ukuvuza kwangaphakathi kwe-valve enkulu ye-disc.

Umgangatho wokuvuza kwangaphakathi kwe-valve ye-disc ye-diameter enkulu ngokuqhelekileyo inkulu kakhulu.Xa uxinzelelo lokungena lunyuka, uxinzelelo lokuphuma luya kwanda.Kule ngxaki, ukuvuza kwangaphakathi kufuneka kugwetywe kuqala, kwaye isigqibo sokuba kulungiswe okanye akufanele kwenziwe ngokuhambelana nokuvuza kwangaphakathi.

(5) ukuvuza kwangaphakathi kwevalve elawulayo.

Ngenxa yokuba ifom yevalve yokulawula ihluke, umgangatho wokuvuza kwangaphakathi awufani, ngexesha elifanayo, i-valve elawulayo isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwindlela yokulawula i-stroke, (ungasebenzisi ulawulo lwe-torque), ngoko kukho ngokubanzi ngaphakathi. ukuvuza okwenzekayo.Ingxaki yokuvuza yangaphakathi ye-valve yokulawula kufuneka iphathwe ngokuhlukileyo, kwaye i-valve elawulayo eneemfuno ezikhethekileyo zokuvuza kwangaphakathi kufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo ekuyilweni nasekuveliseni.Kukho izinto ezininzi eziphikisanayo kwi-XX Nuclear Power Plant.Iivalve ezininzi ziphoqelelwe ukuba zitshintshwe kwi-torque control, eyonakalisa umsebenzi we-valve yokulawula.

Ukucacisa ngakumbi:

(1) Ukukhethwa kwezinto ezingalunganga kunye nokunyangwa kokushisa kweendawo zangaphakathi ze-valve, ubunzima obunganelanga, kulula ukuba bonakaliswe yi-high-speed fluid.

(2) Ngenxa yomda wesakhiwo sevalvu, ulwelo oluphuma kwisivalo samandla (isantya) alunasetyenziso lufanelekileyo, amandla okuguga okunempembelelo kumphezulu wokutywina;Isantya esigqithileyo sikhokelela kuxinzelelo oluncinci kakhulu emva kwevalve, ephantsi koxinzelelo lwe-saturation, okukhokelela kwi-cavitation.Kwinkqubo ye-cavitation, onke amandla xa i-bubble igqabhuka igxininiswe kwindawo yokukrazuka, okukhokelela kumawaka e-Newtons of force force, kunye noxinzelelo lwe-wave shock iphezulu njenge-2 × 103Mpa, edlula kakhulu umda wokungaphumeleli kokukhathala. izinto zentsimbi ezikhoyo.Iidiski ezinzima kakhulu kunye nezihlalo zinokonakala kwaye zivuze ngexesha elifutshane kakhulu.

(3)Ivalve isebenza kwindawo encinci yokuvula ixesha elide, izinga lokuhamba liphezulu kakhulu, amandla empembelelo makhulu, kwaye iindawo zangaphakathi zevalve zonakaliswa lula.